How the climate of the Cold War contributed to the development of the topic in general
The Cold War caused a lot of tension and fear in the US. A major amount of the US citizens were fed false information through advertisements and posters claiming that communism is going to take away their freedom. The only reason why the US government tried to spread anti communism was because they wanted capitalism to spread around the world and it would've been easier for them to have more power and expand their territories. For instance, The bay of Pigs invasion was planned by Dwight Eisenhower and Allen Dulles because they didn't want communism to be spread in a country that was relatively close to the US. Another reason why the US wanted to invade Cuba was because at that time they wanted to expand in territory and power and if they managed to take over Cuba that would mean that capitalism would be easier to spread around the world. After the Bay of Pig invasion, the leader of the Soviets, Khrushchev, was more aware of what the US wanted and because Cuba and the Soviets were allies, that created tension between the US and the USSR. Following the failed attack, Allen Dulles resigned from his position as a CIA director after he was majorly criticized after the unsuccessful attack.
Who are the dulles brothers ?
JOHN FOSTER DULLES
John Foster Dulles was born on February 25, 1888 in Washington D.C. Dulles was in the service of a U.S Secretary of State under Republican President Dwight D. Eisenhower. He was a very powerful individual and then became an international lawyer that was for a Wall Street firm. Dulles then later attended the Paris Peace Conference in 1919 as part of the Reparations Commission and Economic Council. In 1953, Dulles was named secretary of state, and held that position for 6 years till 1959. He was mainly recognized and notable for actively promoting US action against communism and also, his management of the crises of Suez, Indochina, and Lebanon.
Allen Welsh Dulles
Allen Welsh Dulles was born on April 7,1893 in Watertown, New York. Dulles grew up in a household where public service was majorly valued, which made him more exposed to that particular topic. In 1916, Allen graduated from Princeton University, then got involved in diplomatic service. While he was serving in the diplomatic corps, Dulles received a law degree from George Washington University. After he graduated he took a job at a New York law firm which made him partner up with his brother John Foster Dulles at the Wall Street firm. From 1953 to 1961, Allen Dulles was a member of the Warren Commission. He was also the first noncombatant director of the Central Intelligence Agency which is known as the CIA.
What groups or organizations were the dulles brothers in?
Allen Dulles was involved with the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA). In 1947, the US congress created the CIA as an aspect of the National Security Act. The CIA’s furtive operations were a significant aspect of the Dwight Eisenhower administration and the national security policy of the Cold War. According to the policy, The US defense would depend on nuclear weapons and airpower to threaten vast counterattack to hostilities. The CIA played a major role in the defeat of the Iranian government in 1953 and the Guatemalan government in 1954. Dulles believed that kind of activity was a crucial part of the struggle against communism during the Cold War.
TWO other significant individuals from history
Dwight D. Eisenhower
Dwight D. Eisenhower is a significant individual that was involved with The Dulles Brothers in their US action against communism. John Foster Dulles believed that some issues like furtive operations were way too sensitive to be discussed by the full National Security Council (NSC). John Dulles had close connection with the president, and even closer connections with his brother, Allen Dulles, the director of the CIA. President Eisenhower often took full control of the NSC meetings and discussions. Also, John Foster Dulles, was the Secretary of State when Dwight D. Eisenhower was president of the United States of America.
John F. Kennedy
In Addition, the 35th President of the United States, John F. Kennedy, was also one of the significant individual that was involved with one of the Dulles. In November 18th 1960, he was brought to attention about CIA-approved mission that Eisenhower had planned before the election. The CIA Director, Allen Dulles with the deputy director for plans Richard Bissell, discussed with Kennedy about the plan and how they hired 1,400 Cuban exiles to dethrone Castro. The mission was supposed to have anti-communists take down Fidel Castro rise to power. The mission failed because of Castro knowing about the invasion and it being broadcasted on the radio in Cuba. In the Kennedy Administration, Allen Dulles was majorly criticized for the failed invasion, which caused him to then resign from his post.
WHAT MADE THEM SIGNIFICANT
John Foster Dulles was a committed and devoted anti communist. He was so strongly against communism he believed that it was “Godless terrorism”. In March 1953, one of Dulles’s first prime policy adjustment towards a more aggressive status opposed to communism was when Dulles promoted Eisenhower’s conclusion to direct the CIA to plan to conquer and defeat the Prime Minister Mohammed Mossadegh in Iran. In 1954, Dulles tried to persuade and promote Eisenhower, as a representative of the American United Fruit Company, to launch a military coup by the Guatemalan army through the Central Intelligence Agency under the excuse that the Jacobo Arbenz’s government and the Guatemalan Revolution were turning in the direction of communism.
How successful the dulles brothers were and their impact on the cold war and today
In the end, The Dulles brothers plan failed, but it still had a positive impact on the world. Following the Bay of Pig invasion, Khrushchev stationed his nuclear missiles in Cuba and because of that, it created a disagreement that lasted 13 days. The Soviets agreed to remove their nuclear weapons if the US agreed to not attack or invade Cuba in any sort of way. If the issues were not resolved, the disagreement would have led the world to its first nuclear war. To conclude, the US and the USSR issued a nuclear weapon test ban treaty in Moscow. One of the objectives in the agreement, stated that no nuclear test should be conducted anywhere unless except of approved grounds. Today, nuclear weapons aren't mentioned in the US that much. In the past, they were talked about widely and nothing was kept a secret because they wanted their country to show power and strength. Back then, when the US introduced their atomic bomb in 1945, other countries were intimidated and were working rapidly to create their own nuclear weapons as a source of domination. Now, nuclear weapons aren't talked that much because countries want to savor their formulas, methods, and information.